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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ky:tyr-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to walk, go roundface="Times New Roman Star"ходить, обходить вокруг

face="Times New Roman Star"kydyr- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr- (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qidir-


face="Times New Roman Star"Gydyr- (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"kytygyras 'проворный, быстрый, резвый (о звере), скороход'


face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-; qydyn| 'семенящий при беге (о жив.)'face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qyd|yr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-
face="Times New Roman Star"qydyr-face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 6, 185.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sesface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 threat 2 to threatenface="Times New Roman Star"1 угроза 2 угрожать

face="Times New Roman Star"seksen-, segsen- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"siska"n- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2 (Pav. C., AH)face="Times New Roman Star"seska"n- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sa"skin- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ksa"n- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"seste- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sъzъr-lan-dъr- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1face="Times New Roman Star"ses 1, sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"hit|ka"n- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sesken- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*burkyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"wrinkledface="Times New Roman Star"сморщенныйface="Times New Roman Star"burqyface="Times New Roman Star"burqy, burqyg| 'wrinkle'


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 360.
face="Times New Roman Star"*iri-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to rot 2 pus 3 to turn sour, coagulateface="Times New Roman Star"1 гнить 2 гной 3 прокисать, створаживатьсяface="Times New Roman Star"jiru"- 1 (OUygh.), irin| 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, irin| 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 3, i>ri>n 2face="Times New Roman Star"irin| 2face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, jirin| 2face="Times New Roman Star"z?|irin| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2face="Times New Roman Star"irin| 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 1, 3, i>ri>n 2
face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 3, irin| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"iren|e 2face="Times New Roman Star"iren|e 2face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, irin| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, 3, irin| 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 1, 3, i>ri>n 2face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2face="Times New Roman Star"i>ri>- 3, i>ri>n 2face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2face="Times New Roman Star"jirin 2face="Times New Roman Star"irin 2face="Times New Roman Star"iri- 1, 3, irin| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, 233, ЭСТЯ 1, 372-374, Stachowski 128.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gekir-dekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"throat, trachea, cartilageface="Times New Roman Star"глотка, трахея, хрящ

face="Times New Roman Star"gegirtlek (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kikerta"k (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdakface="Times New Roman Star"keki(r)da"k

face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdek



face="Times New Roman Star"kagъr



face="Times New Roman Star"kekirtek
face="Times New Roman Star"kekirdevikface="Times New Roman Star"kigerla"k (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"kegirdek

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 248, ЭСТЯ 5, 26, Лексика 232. In many languages the word was influenced by the verb *ge:kir- 'to belch'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:.sykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"groinface="Times New Roman Star"пахface="Times New Roman Star"qasyg| (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kasykface="Times New Roman Star"qasyqface="Times New Roman Star"qasyq (IM, R - Vam.)


face="Times New Roman Star"GasyGface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:syq



face="Times New Roman Star"xyza






face="Times New Roman Star"qat|yq (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 239, EDT 666, ЭСТЯ 5, 331-332, Мудрак Дисс. 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kon|ur-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to tear out, uprootface="Times New Roman Star"выдирать, вырывать
face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ur- (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"qon|ar- (Abush., Бор. Бад.)









face="Times New Roman Star"xon|un-, xon|nor-face="Times New Roman Star"kon|or-face="Times New Roman Star"xuna-










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 281, EDT 640, ЭСТЯ 6, 65, Stachowski 152.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kun-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to rob, plunder, attackface="Times New Roman Star"грабить, нападатьface="Times New Roman Star"qun- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qun- (MK)




face="Times New Roman Star"q`un-
face="Times New Roman Star"Gunus?- (dial.)






face="Times New Roman Star"xuna:-
face="Times New Roman Star"qun-








face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 6, 141, VEWT 300, EDT 632.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"lu"k / *julukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"juiceface="Times New Roman Star"сок











face="Times New Roman Star"juluq, d/uluq, ju"lu"k



face="Times New Roman Star"c?uluq










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 212, EDT 927-928, ЭСТЯ 4, 266, Лексика 263-264. The root should be distinguished both from *jilik and from *julyn| (v. sub *la\le\, *dilu), although all three tend to contaminate.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"r/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to peel off (skin), to skinface="Times New Roman Star"сдирать (шкуру)
face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-





face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-













face="Times New Roman Star"ju"z-



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 984, ЭСТЯ 4, 261.
face="Times New Roman Star"*en|seface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"back of the neckface="Times New Roman Star"задняя часть шеи

face="Times New Roman Star"ense
face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, a"n|sa" (Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"ensa"


face="Times New Roman Star"jen|se

face="Times New Roman Star"en|ze
face="Times New Roman Star"@nze, j@nze



face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"en|se

face="Times New Roman Star"jensa"face="Times New Roman Star"en|se, enseface="Times New Roman Star"en|se
face="Times New Roman Star"en|seface="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 4, 190-191, Егоров 65, Лексика 237-238.
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"gu"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to roast meat 2 roasted meat, meat for roastingface="Times New Roman Star"1 жарить (мясо) 2 жареное мясо, мясо для жаренияface="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (MK), so"gu"s? 2 (MK Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) so"gu"r-, so"vu"r- 1, so"vis?, so"gu"s? 2
face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"l- 1 (AH), so"gu"s? 2



face="Times New Roman Star"so"vu"s? 2




face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l- 1face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"l- 1











face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 821, 823, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 251.
face="Times New Roman Star"*so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to split, tear apartface="Times New Roman Star"разделять, распарывать, раздиратьface="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k- (AH, IM, Abush.)face="Times New Roman Star"so.k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-



face="Times New Roman Star"so"`k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"so"k-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 819, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*usface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 mind, reason 2 way of using smth.face="Times New Roman Star"1 ум, рассудок 2 способ использования чего-л.face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2face="Times New Roman Star"usug| ( ? o-) 2 (MK), us 1 (MK - Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"us 1
face="Times New Roman Star"us 1 (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"os 1, os- 'to think'



face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|s 1









face="Times New Roman Star"us 1


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 240, 245, ЭСТЯ 1, 606-607.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dym-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to be silent 2 silentlyface="Times New Roman Star"1 умолкать 2 молча


face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|-ko"s? 'silent person' (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 1 (Буд. - Кальк. сл., MKypch. - Ettuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"dym- 1face="Times New Roman Star"tymyl- 1, tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tym- 1, tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tamal- 2 (with aberrant vocalism)



face="Times New Roman Star"tim, tym 2face="Times New Roman Star"tym 2
face="Times New Roman Star"dym- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tym 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, ЭСТЯ 3, 340-341.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ba:kanaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 sheep skin 2 lamb 3 babyface="Times New Roman Star"1 овечья шкура 2 ягненок 3 ребенок

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|an 1, (dial.) bag|alak, bag|nak 1, bag|ana 3
face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (R)face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1 (Khor.)

face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 1








face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan, bag|ylan 'lamb that has stopped suckling', bag|yldyr 'wild lamb, 1-year-old mountain goat'face="Times New Roman Star"bag|ana 2




face="Times New Roman Star"bag|lan 'a well-fed early lamb'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 55, Лексика 390. The Kypchak form bag|lan 'lamb' has hardly anything to do with Tat., Kaz. baqlan 'cormorant' (despite TMN 2, 298, Аникин 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ormanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"forestface="Times New Roman Star"лесface="Times New Roman Star"orman (OUygh. late)
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.rman


face="Times New Roman Star"ormon (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"vъw|rman



face="Times New Roman Star"ormonface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"urmanface="Times New Roman Star"orman
face="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"orma"nface="Times New Roman Star"ormanface="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 371, ЭСТЯ 1, 472-473.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of plant or treeface="Times New Roman Star"вид дерева или растения








face="Times New Roman Star"bo:rz?|aq 'эфедра'

face="Times New Roman Star"borsuq 'yew'

face="Times New Roman Star"boru: 'хвощ'


face="Times New Roman Star"boruq 'small reed'









face="Times New Roman Star"*b(i)ar-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 house 2 home, householdface="Times New Roman Star"1 постройка, здание 2 дом, имуществоface="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1, 2 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"bark 2
face="Times New Roman Star"barq 2 (Sangl., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"barq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"bary 'fence'


















face="Times New Roman Star"baru 'fence'face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359-360, VEWT 63, 66, ЭСТЯ II 62. Bark is traditionally linked with ba:r 'there is', bary 'belongings', but cf. the Az. word which can be hardly explained in this way.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kaj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to pay respectface="Times New Roman Star"относиться уважительноface="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (Yenis., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qaj- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kajyr-






face="Times New Roman Star"xaj-





face="Times New Roman Star"xaj de:r 'to still, pacify'
face="Times New Roman Star"qajys?-face="Times New Roman Star"qajys-







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 674, ЭСТЯ 5, 194.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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